Blog 2 1914-1939

Gender and Power:

Women in the Workplace

 

As most of us know, 1914 was the start of World War I; the start of a change that would change America forever. The war had men rushing to join the army, leaving many jobs employee-less. Women then had to take on the roles of the men, both at home and in the workplace. Of course women weren't granted that opportunity the next day, they had to wait a bit before it became more of a "do or die" kind of thing. The need for women in the workplace started to become urgent as 1916 rolled in. All of the jobs that were abandoned by the men had to be taken on by the women; jobs ranging from clerical jobs to auto assembly.

 

In addition to these jobs, women were signing up for jobs in the armed forces and the navy such as, nurses and clerical workers in the marines. A lot of women also eagerly applied to be "Hello Girls" which were telephone receptionists for the army near the front lines in France. While men experienced the traumatic horrors of war, women often experienced the benefits of independence in the absence of men. Unfortunately once WWI ended, many women were released from their jobs to give back to the men who had them before the war. A lot of women were fired or left to work along side with men, but of course, for a much lower wage. Equal rights? Yeah, not yet but the women were not about to give up as they were progressing more and more towards it. So what do Americans do when they want something so badly? They go on strike; and that's exactly what the women did. The most prominent being the strike for equal pay.

 

WWI did lead to many important advances for women. They gained support for women suffrage and it contributed to the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920 - talk about a huge win for women! Of course when things are going good, something bad is bound to happen. Like the Great Depression. Equal pay was overridden by this when people had bigger problems to worry about, like simply surviving. People were taking any jobs they could get. Who has time to protest when you're going poor (ain't nobody got time for that!).

By 1939 World War 2 began and it was like deja vu. Men were sent off to war and women were once again needed in the workplace. Since women were still not being given fair wages, a new political figure made it's way to the top. The famous Rosie the Riveter; which inspired women to join the war effort and go back out into those “commonly male” jobs. Not everyone was sold on this proposition, but there were some employers who eventually gave into equal pay for women. Even though things weren't guaranteed to stay like this after the war ended, nobody had to assemble or even lead a strike. Finally employers began to set wages in correlation to the level of work people were performing in the workplace, the more skills you had the better your pay was.

Women definitely proved they could keep up in the workplace just as good as men could. And they looked better doing it, too. Talk about determination.

 

I really enjoyed learning about this period in time because women progressed majorly in the workplace and proved their worth to men without having to protest about it for years. Go women! In todays society, women still struggle with comparison to men when it comes to the workplace. Sure, not nearly as bad as they did during WWI and WWII, but they still face some disadvantages. Women are likelier to be passed over for high profile assignments and women are said to make 77 cents for every $1 a man makes. Not fair, I know. Not all, but some men still have larger wages than women do. Some 2 times larger! Not okay. Why shouldn't women get paid the same amount or have the same exact opportunities as men? They worked for it and had no other choice but to maintain the house and the workplace and sure enough we proved how valuable women really are. Men were granted jobs because they were men, women were thrown into jobs and did them just as well as men did and they did not stop fighting until people realized that not only did women need jobs, but jobs needed women.

America has changed A LOT since both wars though and now a days men are becoming "stay at home dads" while the women are progressing in the workplace. Hmmm, sounds like payback if you ask me. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Blog 1 1866-1914

Gender and Power:

Women in the Workplace

 

The media of the 19th Century portrayed women as people who should not work. Before the Civil War, women were expected to play the roles of the typical housewife; they were expected to stay home and take care of the children while also doing all the household chores. The man of the house was the only one to provide, to bring home the bread. However, after the Civil War, women's place in society changed dramatically. Most women were left widowed by the war and caused their families to become deprived of their breadwinners. Though this was a tragic time because of all the deaths it was also a great time for all the women. This promoted a sense of freedom for them; a chance to fight for gender equality.

 

According to our history text, "women started to enter the workforce as missionaries, teachers, and nurses." These jobs were chosen for them because it was still in their nature. Women were already expected to teach their children and take care of them; much like a teacher and a nurse does. So even though these jobs weren't quite equal to the male jobs, they were still a start.

Though women were still not yet able to vote, they also started to become more involved in politics. The WCTU went on to become their principle vehicle. Women were indeed fighting for equal rights. And it wasn't only the white women who were doing so, African American women were as well. After being freed from slavery they needed to earn a steady income as well so they joined the labor force. Women were now needed in the world, in many more ways than just a housewife and they were proving to everyone they were just as smart as men and could work along side them.

 

Just because women were happy with how things were going for them, doesn't mean everyone else was. The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice was the first of several conservative lobby groups. The Society secured generous funding from J. P. Morgan and others of the cities' wealthiest citizens and began a two-decades long campaign against many things including women's independence. The Comstock Act of 1873 law was passed, which pretty much deprived women of knowledge. Birth control and almost everything that depicted the human body was banned, instead books or guide lines I should say, were promoted for women to learn home décor and how to create cheerful environments for their children and husbands. Because even after the Civil War that was still supposed to be their jobs.

 

 

 

 

In todays society, more women are working than ever before. Women are running some of the worlds best companies, such as PepsiCo. No woman is forced to rely on a man to bring in the money. They certainly have fought their way to the top. Some are even running for president. Women are now making up almost half of American workers. Now even though women have come this far in the workplace, men still have some advantages just because they are men. Some jobs pay men higher than women for doing the same thing.

 

 

So we can see that old habits die hard. Even though our world is changing and wants so badly for everyone to be treated equally, especially women, we all still have a little bit of the 1860's left in us. Even women do. Today a lot of women will still choose to be stay at home moms because they believe that is what a woman is "supposed" to do. But, the great thing about the 21st Century is women can choose who they want to be, what they want to do, and where they want to go. Most importantly, they are in charge of their own bodies.

 

I was told a quote by my high school history teacher saying, "What we learn from history is that we don't learn from history." Mainly because a lot of things that happened in history are repeated in todays world like wars, trade, racism, and even inequality. The progress of women in the workplace over the years, I think, is one thing we did learn from. It makes me spark up the question, what would today be like if women never fought for equal rights? Everything would be so different.